Bernese Mountain Health

Bernese Health: A Commitment to Lifelong Vitality

Caring for a Bernese Mountain Dog requires a deep commitment to managing their unique health challenges, particularly those associated with their size and genetics. Due to a relatively short average lifespan (typically 7–10 years), prioritizing proactive health care is paramount to ensuring their vitality.

 

1. Orthopedic Concerns (Joint Health)

As a large, rapid-growing breed, Berners are genetically predisposed to several significant joint issues:

 

  • Hip Dysplasia (HD): A condition where the hip joint doesn’t fit properly into the socket, leading to pain and arthritis.

     

  • Elbow Dysplasia (ED): A collection of abnormal conditions that affect the elbow joint, causing lameness.

     

  • Osteochondritis Dissecans (OCD): A painful condition where diseased cartilage separates from the underlying bone, often affecting the shoulders.

     

Proactive Management:

  • Controlled Growth: Feed large-breed specific puppy food to ensure slow, steady growth.

  • Restricted Exercise: Strictly follow the low-impact exercise guidelines during the first 18-24 months to protect developing joints.

  • Weight Management: Keeping your Berner lean is the single most important factor in reducing strain on their joints throughout life.

     

2. Cancer Risk

Unfortunately, cancer is the leading cause of death for the Bernese Mountain Dog, affecting a significant portion of the breed.

 

  • Common Cancers: The most common forms include malignant histiocytosis (histiocytic sarcoma), mast cell tumors, and lymphosarcoma.

  • Proactive Management:

    • Regular Vet Checks: Do not skip annual or bi-annual wellness exams.

    • Early Detection: Be vigilant for any unusual lumps, persistent lameness, loss of appetite, or rapid weight loss, and report them to your vet immediately.

3. Other Health Issues

  • Bloat (Gastric Dilatation-Volvulus or GDV): A life-threatening condition where the stomach fills with gas and twists. Due to their deep chest, Berners are high-risk.

     
     

    • Prevention: Feed several small meals instead of one large one, and avoid heavy exercise around meal times.

  • Heat Stroke: Their thick, black double coat makes them extremely vulnerable to overheating. Avoid all strenuous activity in warm or humid weather.

4. Responsible Breeding

If acquiring a puppy, the most foundational health step you can take is ensuring the puppy comes from a reputable breeder who performs the necessary genetic health screenings:

  • OFA/PennHIP Clearances: The parents should have current certifications showing their hips and elbows are free of dysplasia.

  • Temperament: The parents should display the gentle, stable temperament the breed is known for.